This PhD research is dedicated to optimizing Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery performance by extending lifetime and enhancing charging efficiency. The study follows a systematic four-stage approach: protocol design, aging mechanism analysis, temperature influence assessment, and digital twin modeling. The designed fast-charging protocol employs "lithium half-cells" to extend battery life and reduce charging time significantly. Comparative analysis on NMC/graphite Li-ion batteries demonstrates a substantial increase of 200 full equivalent cycles in battery lifetime and a 20% reduction in charging time.

Exploring battery aging mechanisms reveals a complex process with benefits under the developed fast-charging, including reduced graphite exfoliation, decreased crystallization damage, and limited solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer growth. Investigating the influence of temperature on battery aging considers operating temperatures of different seasons, analyzing changes in organic carbonate solvent components. The final stage integrates a digital twin model, quantifying parameters like SEI thickness and crack depth, providing comprehensive insights into Li-ion battery fast-charge behavior based on a whole lifetime duration. Overall, this research significantly contributes to understanding degradation mechanisms, optimizing charging protocols, and advancing Li-ion battery applications in electric vehicles and energy storage.